利用深圳宝安机场2001～2010年雷暴观测资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,运用统计方法研究近10年来雷暴发生的气候特征.利用主成分分析方法提取宝安机场夏季雷暴日500hPa高度信号场共同特征,并根据主成分分析前3个模态归纳出3种易出现雷暴的天气类型:台风型,高空槽、切变线型和副热带高压型;其中近10年来副热带高压型在夏季出现的频次最高.从年际变化来看,高空槽、切变型和台风型都是呈减少趋势,而副热带高压型无明显变化趋势.%Based on the thunderstorm observation data and NCEP / NCAR reanalysis data in Shenzhen Baoan Airport for the period of 2001 to 2010; the climatic change characteristics analysis of the thunderstorms are studied by means of mathematical statistic. The common features of 500hPa-signal field of summer thunderstorms can be extracted by using the principal component analysis method. According to the first three vibration modes, the weather systems to benefit thunderstorms could be classified to three synoptic patterns (typhoon, upper trough and shear line, subtropical high). In the recent 10 years, the subtropical high pattern is the highest frequencies in summer. From the inter-annual change of view, the upper trough and shear line pattern and the typhoon pattern are on a declining trend, while the subtropical high pattern had no obvious change trend.
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