The structure of the optic path for the spectrum detecting system which based on volume phase holographic grating and InGaAs linear array detector is put forward, in order to satisfy the request of modularization and miniaturization. Upon the basic working principle and optical design theory, this new structure can meet the specific design objectives of the spectrum range and the resolution value. Zemax can be used for optimum design and analysis of the diffraction system and imaging system. The structure, with a resolution rate of less than 0.31nm and a 7.3mm broadening of the spectrum, can test spectral coverage from 1525nm to 1570nm. The size of the optical system is 38mm×31mm×5mm. The optimization results meet the design requirements.%为了满足光谱检测系统模块化、微型化的要求，以光谱检测仪基本工作原理和光学设计理论为基础，能满足一定光谱范围和分辨率要求为具体设计目标，提出了基于全息体相位光栅与铟镓砷（InGaAs）探测器阵列的光谱检测系统的光路结构，使用Zemax软件对其分光系统及成像系统进行优化设计及结果分析。该系统光谱检测范围为1525nm~1570nm，分辨率小于0.31nm，谱面展宽为7.3mm，光学系统尺寸为38mm×31mm×5mm。优化结果满足系统要求。
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