Objective]Ziziphus acidojujuba C. Y. Cheng et M. J. Liu is one of the main ecological and economical tree species in Chaoyang region in western Liaoning Province,China. The diversity in fruit characteristics were studied to build a foundation for exploration and utilization of Z. acidojujuba resources. [Method]A total of 51 accessions of Z. acidojujuba were selected from the region under study,21 main fruit characteristics were measured and correlation among characteristics,principal component analysis,cluster analysis,and probability grading were conducted. [Result]1 ) There were abundant variations between these characteristics. The range of variation coefficient was from 7. 69% to 84. 36%,among them larger values were of proportion of double-kernelled accessions(84. 36%),average mass of single fruit(68. 25%),vertical length of fruit stone(66. 94%),and the content of titratable acid(65. 44%),respectively. All of the main characteristics displayed a normal distribution. 2 ) 21 pairs of characteristics were highly significantly correlated between each other,16 pairs of characteristics were significantly correlated,such that the mass of single fruit displayed a highly significant positive correlation with the content of reducing sugar,significant positive correlation with edible rate,highly significant negative correlation with the content of titratable acid,and significant negative correlation with Vc content. 3) 8 principal components were drawn from the 21 main characteristics,the cumulative contribution rate was 81 . 581% from 1 st to 8 th principal component; The contribution of the major characteristics from large to small were in turn the vertical length of fruit stone,vertical length of fruit kernel,fruit cross diameter,single fruit mass,mass of 1 000 kernels,mass of single fruit stone,cross diameter of fruit kernel,cross diameter of fruit stone,fruit vertical length, content of reducing sugar,total sugar content,Vc content,and rate of double kernels. The 51 Z. acidojujuba accessions were clustered into 3 main categories according to the superiority. 4) Using probability grading method,12 characteristics were graded by 5 levels, and 9 characteristics were graded by 3 levels.[Conclusion]The Z. acidojujuba fruit characteristics in the study area had a relatively large variation,and all of the 21 fruit characteristics displayed a normal distribution,there were significant or highly significant correlation between 37 pairs of characteristics. Based on the principal components analysis,the 51 Z. acidojujuba accessions were clustered into 3 main categories. The results would provide an important basis for breeding programs of Z. acidojujuba.%【目的】酸枣是辽西朝阳地区重要的生态经济型资源植物，研究其果实性状多样性可为该地区酸枣资源的发掘及利用提供科学指导。【方法】以研究区51个酸枣种质变异类型为研究对象，对其果实的21个主要性状进行测定，采用相关性、主成分、聚类和概率分级等方法进行分析。【结果】1)果实主要性状的变异较为丰富，变异系数在7.69%～84.36%之间，其中较大的有双仁率84.36%、单果质量68.25%、核纵径66.94%、可滴定酸65.44%等；各主要性状均符合正态分布。2)有21对主要性状之间呈极显著相关、16对主要性状之间呈显著相关，其中单果质量与还原糖呈极显著正相关、与可食率呈显著正相关、与可滴定酸呈极显著负相关、与 Vc含量呈显著负相关。3)在21个主要性状指标中提取出8个主成分，累积贡献率为81.581%，在主成分提取中占主要地位的指标依次为：核纵径、仁纵径、果横径、单果质量、千仁质量、单核质量、仁横径、核横径、果纵径、还原糖、总糖、Vc含量及双仁率等。将51份酸枣种质聚为3大类，分别为优选型、优良型和优异型。4)对酸枣的12个主要性状指标进行5级概率分级，对9个主要性状指标进行3级概率分级。【结论】辽西朝阳地区酸枣资源果实主要性状变异比较丰富，21个主要性状均符合正态分布，其中有37对主要性状间呈极显著或显著相关；在主成分分析的基础上将51个酸枣变异类型聚为3大类。研究结果对酸枣资源良种选育具有重要的参考价值。
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