In order to preserve Wuyi Mountain effectively and analyze the relationship between human activity and landscape structure, the Wuyishan Scenery District, which was disturbed stronger than the other 3 parts of Wuyi Mountain, was chosen for the study, and its spatial pattern was studied by landscape indices at two scale levels of landscape element and the whole landscape.The results showed as follows:①Pinus massoniana forest was the matrix landscape in Wuyishan Scenery District, its dominance was very obvious(60.01% of area). Farmland( 12.89% ) and Camellia sinensis plantation( 11.68% ) was the second and the third respectively; ②From the results of mean patch shape index( MSIi ), mean proximate circular index( MPCIi ) and mean patch stretch index( MPSIi ), showed that Pinus massoniana forest, farmland and Camellia sinensis plantation were three most complicated in patch shape, while residential area was the simplest; ③The calculation results of mean patch area(MPAi), patch density ( PDi ) and fragmentation index( FNi )indicated that the degree of fragmentation of residential area was highest, that of Camellia sinensis plantation and economic forest ranked the second and the third respectively, while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest. In addition, the separation index( SIi )also revealed that the separation degree of residential area was highest, while that of Pinus massoniana forest was lowest. These results proved powerfully that human activity was one of the main factors breaking the landscape into fragments; ④At the whole landscape level, the values of biodiversity(H), dominance(D), evenness ( H′ ) and degree of fragmentation(FN) of the Wuyishan Scenery District were 0.5731,0.4269,0.4057 and 0.0056 respectively. After comparisons between the Wuyishan Scenery District and other areas( including forest landscape, agriculture landscape, urban landscape, wetland landscape and desert oases landscape)were further analyzed, it was concuded that the Wuyishan Scenery District is one of the areas which have been well preserved up to now.
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