Objective:This retrospective analysis compared immediate vs . delayed antibiotic (ImA groups and DelA groups)therapy on localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP)clinical parameters .Methods :At base-line ,3 and 6 months after treatment ,clinical parameters probing depth (PD) ,attachment level (CAL) were collect-ed from localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) participants ,who received a 7-day antibiotic regimen immediately (ImA) or 3 months (DelA) following mechanical therapy .Results :While both groups presented significant CAL re-ductions at 6 months ,only ImA resulted in a reduction in mean PD at both 3 and 6 months ,along with reductions in CAL at 3 months following therapy .Conclusion :We conclude that although both treatment regimens result in satis-factory clinical results at 6 months ,immediate systemic antibiotic application seems to be more advantageous in the treatment of localized aggressive periodontitis ,as it results in an earlier greater improvement in clinical parameters and local inflammatory response when compared to delayed antibiotic use .%目的：探讨即刻使用抗生素和延期使用抗生素对局限性侵袭性牙周炎患者临床指标的影响。方法：根据传统使用抗生素两个时间段，将82例患者分为两组，在根面刮治及平整术（SRP）术后立即使用抗生素组和3月复诊支持治疗后使用抗生素组，回顾性研究评价两组临床指标的变化。结果：两组在6月时临床指标均显著改善，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01），立即组3月、6月时间段较基线比较显著改善，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01），延迟组3月较基线改善无明显统计学差异。结论：对局限性侵袭性牙周炎早期使用抗生素对控制病情非常有利。
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