拟除虫菊酯类农药因高效、对哺乳动物低毒、易降解而被广泛使用.其分子结构中存在手性中心,含有多个对映异构体(简称对映体),不同对映体的杀虫活性及生物毒性存在差异.目前对手性污染物的认识相对零散、不系统,对对映体选择性毒理研究还很少.本文综述了拟除虫菊酯对靶标生物、非靶标生物急性毒性及慢性毒性的对映体选择性,重点综述了拟除虫菊酯对映体的慢性毒性,包括神经毒性、内分泌毒性、免疫毒性、发育及行为毒性、遗传毒性及细胞毒性,并对拟除虫菊酯毒性选择性的发展进行了展望.%Synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) are widely used as pesticides because of their high efficiency, low toxicity to mammals, and easy biodegradation. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides are chiral compounds with multiple asymmetric positions , consist of several enantiomers. There are significant differences in insecticidal activity and biotoxicity induced by individual stereoisomers of chiral SPs. Although enantioselectivity has been considered in many recent studies, our current knowledge about chiral contaminants is rather scattered and incoherent. In this paper, we tried to discern the connection between the enantioselectivity in different biological processes, including neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, immunotoxicity, developmental and behavioral toxicity, genotoxicity, cytotoxicity. The developing trend of stereoisomers of chiral pyrhthroids was also discussed.
展开▼
