According to the classical elasticity mechanics,this paper uses three different kinds of modern computer software( MAPLE,MATLAB, and ANSYS)to simulate and investigate the thermal stress of cylindrical vessel under the axisymmetric temperature field. The comparison results of numerical methods with the classical elasticity mechanics method showe that calculation results of numerical methods agree well with the theo-retical results and modern computer software can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of calculation of pressure vessels.%在经典弹性力学的基础上，将现代化的计算机软件（ MAPLE，MATLAB和ANSYS）运用到柱状容器在轴对称温度场作用下的热应力计算中，并将三种计算机软件获得的计算结果与经典弹性力学计算结果进行对比，对比结果显示：现代计算机软件的计算结果与经典弹性力学的计算结果非常吻合，可以有效的提高计算的效率和精度。
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