Starting from three periods of heaven temple in Ming Yongle dynasty,Ming Jiajing dynasty transformation and Qing Qianlong Gaozong expansion,the paper explores“heaven temple system”,analyzes north-south axis problems of heaven temple building group,and finally describes the relationship of heaven and heaven son reflecting from the relationship of palace and sacrificing building group layout.%从明永乐年间天地坛、明嘉靖朝改制、清乾隆朝高宗扩改建三个时期出发，对“天坛形制”进行了探讨，并对天坛建筑群南北轴线不居中的问题作了分析，阐述了斋宫和祭祀建筑群布局关系中反映上天和天子关系的方式。
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