This paper analyzed the main causes leading to the deterioration of water environment, through the determination to runoff quality of underlying surface types in Changzhou urban residential, discussed the runoff water quality index and its response relationship with the rainfall, provided reference for the determination of rainwater storage scale, the development of initial rainwater pollution control measures.%分析了导致城市水环境恶化的主要原因，通过对常州住宅小区不同下垫面类型径流水质的测定，探讨了径流水质指标及其随降雨历时的响应关系，为雨水调蓄规模的确定、初期雨水污染控制措施的制定提供参考依据。
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