For the integrated performance of ships,the traditional investigations for ship hydrodynamics are carried out by numerical simulation,scaled model towing tank test,large-scale model test in real environment and real ship sea trial.A new testing approach is to perform tests at real sea by using property ratio large scale model to research the navigation performances of ships.Firstly,characteristics of numerical simulation,tank model test and real ship sea trial are introduced in this paper.Large-scale model testing method is proposed based on the conventional methods.Then large-scale model testing techniques both overseas and domestic are reviewed.Finally,an overview of the current testing technique and its future development directions is undertaken.%目前对舰船总体性能的研究主要是依靠数值计算、水池模型试验、实际海浪环境大尺度模型试验以及实船海试等方法,以上各种方法均有一定的适用范围.实际海浪环境中舰船大尺度模型试验技术是采用适当缩尺比的自航船模在自然水域环境中进行的试验,可以研究舰船在开阔海域自由航行状态下的各项航行性能.分析各种舰船总体性能研究方法的优缺点,针对目前舰船总体性能理论与试验研究存在的问题分析开展舰船大尺度模型海上试验研究的必要性,综述国内外大尺度模型试验技术的发展现状,最后针对该试验技术中的关键技术及热点问题进行总结与展望.
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