采用野外采样、室内分析的方法,以鲁中山区九仙山小流域3个自然坡面(阳坡、东坡和西坡)为研究对象,探讨了小流域坡面侵蚀条件下土壤养分的空间分布特征.结果表明,3个坡面有机质含量呈现出顺坡距离小于20 m时,有机质含量按照东坡＞西坡＞阳坡的顺序递减,顺坡距离大于30m时,有机质含量按照西坡＞阳坡＞东坡的顺序递减;沿顺坡方向,3个坡面不同坡位土壤有机质、碱解N、速效P、速效K含量存在差异,总体趋势是坡面中上部土壤有机质和速效养分含量偏低,在坡底部养分相对富集;东坡和西坡剖面不同层次土壤有机质、碱解N、速效P、速效K含量随着土壤深度的增加而降低,其中有机质在0～20cm平均含量约为8g/kg,在80～100cm处约为2g/kg,碱解N在0～20 cm平均含量为50mg/kg,在80～100cm处为20mg/kg.%In this study, we took three natural slopes (Sunny slope, East slope and West slope) in a small watershed of Shandong Province to explore the spatial variability characteristics of soil nutrients. The results showed that organic matter content was in a trend of East slope＞ West slope ＞ Sunny slope when the distance was less than 20 m along the slope direction but in a trend of West slope ＞ Sunny slope ＞ East slope when the distance was more than 30 m. Along the slope direction, soil organic matter and available N, P and K contents of the three slopes were different, and were in a general trend of lower in the upper and higher in the bottom of the slopes. Soil organic matter and available N, P and K contents of East slope and West slope decreased as the depth increased. The average content of organic matter was about 8 g/kg at 0-20 cm and about 2 g/kg at 80-100 cm and available N content was 50 mg/kg at 0-20 cm and 20 mg/kg at 80-100 cm.
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