Based on data from a survey of the migrant elderly in Shenzhen in 2013,this paper utilizes exploratory factor analysis to explore the internal structure and influential factors of their social adaptation. The results show that the social adaptation of the migrant elderly mainly attribute to psychological adaptation , social interaction adaptation and economic adaptation. The overall level of their social adaptation is low and the adaption get lower and lower from psychological adaption, social interaction adaptation and economic inclusion. The higher psychological adaptation reflects that the emotional needs of the migrant elderly are better satisfied by the cultural pluralism and inclusiveness in Shenzhen , the lower social interaction adaption and economic adaption imply that the exclusiveness and introversion of their social interaction and the increasing living costs in the urban bring about great obstacles against their social adaption.%运用 2013 年深圳市移居老年人的问卷调查数据, 采用探索性因子分析方法, 对移居老年人社会适应的结构及其现状进行了探讨. 分析结果发现, 移居老年人社会适应主要包含心理适应、 社会交往适应和经济适应三个因子. 从社会适应程度来考察, 移居老年人社会适应的总体水平偏低; 从具体影响因子来看, 体现出心理适应、 社会交往适应和经济适应依次降低的趋势. 相对较高的心理适应程度, 反映了移居老年人的情感需求一定上消减了在当地城市的陌生感, 也说明了深圳作为一个移民城市, 其城市文化的多元化和包容性; 而相对较低的社会交往适应和经济适应状况则反映出移居老年人在当地城市社会交往结构的表层性、 内倾性特点和生活成本的增加而带来的社会适应的障碍. 因此,提高移居老年人的社会适应性, 需要移居老年人、 本地居民和政府等多方行动者的共同努力.
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