Since the“One Belt One Road” Initiative proposed, it had caused an international influence in internation-al community, particularly the widespread concern of China’s neighboring countries. As an important neighbor of China’s southwest, Myanmar reacted positively and took some proactive measures. Myanmar believes that“One Belt One Road” In-itiative has a strategic importance for China to shape the surrounding economic and security community for China’s economic transformation and development. For Myanmar,“One Belt One Road” Initiative is a great opportunity for the development of Myanmar, Myanmar can take the chance to go with China’s rapid economic development. At the same time, there are some concerns such as Myanmar economic sovereignty, China’s influence becoming too deep in Myanmar under the frame-work of the“One Belt One Road” Initiative. In order to advance the process of the“One Belt One Road” Initiative in My-anmar, China should fully understand the importance of“China threat theory” issue during cooperation with Myanmar, and then enhance mutual trust to correct the deviations on Myanmar’s cognition.%“一带一路”倡议提出以来引起了国际社会，特别是中国周边国家的普遍关注。作为中国西南方向的重要邻国，缅甸总体上反应比较积极，但具体行动不多。缅甸认为，“一带一路”倡议本身对于中国而言，是中国想要塑造周边经济和安全共同体的举措，对于中国经济转型和地区发展具有重要战略意义。对于缅甸自身而言，“一带一路”倡议总体上是缅甸发展的一大机遇，缅甸可以借此搭上中国经济快速发展的“便车”。对如何在“一带一路”框架下开展政经合作，缅甸社会普遍担心安全利益受损、中国在缅影响力过大等。中国在缅甸推进“一带一路”倡议的实施过程中，应重视双边之间的认知差异，做好增信释疑工作，促进双边合作的可持续发展。
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