本文利用西南核心材料及其以它们组建基础材料诱导选育出的DH系,通过不完全双列杂交试验,研究玉米6个产量性状的一般配合力(GCA)、特殊配合力(SCA)、遗传参数和GCA间的相互关系.结果表明:6个农艺性状的GCA和SCA均达极显著水平；控制这6个性状的基因效应中主要以加性基因效应为主,非加性基因效应较小；单株产量GCA与行粒数、穗长、结实长和穗粗4个性状的GCA呈极显著正相关关系,与穗行数相关不显著,本试验材料中DH系09Y1035、10Y1026、09Y1027、10Y1028和10Y1031、09Y1032、09Y1016、09Y1019、09Y1029、09Y1018共10个自交系GCA综合性状较优,系组配强优势杂交组合的优良自交系.通径分析表明:行粒数、穗长、穗粗GCA对单株产量CCA有较大的直接作用,是影响单株产量GCA的重要因素.%Core materials and the derived DH-Line were used to identify general combining ability (GCA) , special combining ability (SCA) and the relationship between hereditary parameters and GCA by incomplete diallel cross ( NC II ) design. The result showed that: the variance of GCA and SCA of these 6 agronomic traits were extremely significant and estimates of the genetic effects for the 6 traits mainly presented additive; Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between GCA of yield per plant and GCA of row grains, ear length, grain length, ear diameter, while the GCA of yield per plant had no significant correlation to rows; Among these tested DH-Lines, 09Y103S, 10Y1026,09Y1027,10Y1028 andl0Y1031.09Y1032, 09Y1016,09Y1019,09Y1029,09Y1018 showed excellent comprehensive characters and the 10 lines were fine inbred lines in hybrids that were got higher yield on these inbred lines. The diameter analysis showed that the GCA of row grains, ear length and diameter, displayed the highest positive direct effect on yield per plant, and they were the main factors to yield per plant's GCA.
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