In view of the fact that hypersonic vehicles operate in oxidation environments with extremely high temperatures in which the vehicles' outer shells experience single-sided heating, an infrared radiation test system is proposed in this paper, based on silicon-molybdenum heating elements, for ultra-temperature, time-varying and one-sided heating environments. The thermal-insulation performance test for lightweight thermal protection materials of hypersonic aircraft in extremely high-temperature/oxidation environments up to 1700℃ can be carried out within the system. In addition, to study and select an efficient thermal-insulation scheme, the insulation properties of a lightweight ceramic material and a ceramic-nanomaterial laminated structure in an oxidative environment at 1700℃ are experimentally studied. The test results show that the ceramic-nanomaterial laminated structure can help improve the thermal insulation by approximately 50% over the single layer of lightweight ceramic material.%文章针对高超声速飞行器需面临极端高温有氧热环境以及舱体表面单侧面受热的特点,建立了由硅钼发热体作为热源的红外辐射式超高温、时变、单侧面加热试验测试系统,开展了高达1700℃的有氧环境下高超声速飞行器轻质防热材料的隔热性能试验.另外,为了研究和优选高效隔热方式,对高超声速飞行器用单层轻质陶瓷隔热材料和陶瓷/纳米材料叠层复合结构在 1700℃高温有氧环境下的隔热特性进行了试验测试;通过试验结果的对比分析,发现陶瓷/纳米材料复合叠层结构比单层轻质陶瓷材料的隔热效果提高近50%.
展开▼
