运载火箭在大气中飞行会使箭体、发动机等表面带电，当静电累积达到一定量级并产生静电放电时，可能对箭上电气设备造成灾难性后果。在众多起电原因中，文章重点研究发动机喷流起电和摩擦起电过程，提出这2种起电方式的计算模型，并结合相关静电测量试验，确定这2种起电方式的等效充电电流，定量分析火箭最大静电带电电位，为指导单机设计及系统防护提供参考。%The surface of a launch vehicle and its engine will be charged during the flight, with drastic consequences when the electronic static charges have accumulated to some extent. Among many causes, this paper focuses on the electrification process of the engine’s jet flow and friction. The calculation model of these two kinds of electrification is established. The equivalent charging current of these two kinds of electrification is determined combined with the electrostatic measurement experiment, thus the maximal charging potential is analyzed, to provide a guidance for the product design and the system protection.
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