The heat pipe technology sees wide and important applications in spacecraft temperature equalization, heat transfer, heat rejection and thermal control of electronic components. This paper discusses the working principle, the classification and other important factors of the heat pipe used in the thermal control field. The research advances in the spacecraft thermal control of the heat pipe technology are reviewed. Suggestions of the developing directions of the heat pipe technology are made. It is shown that the development of the new heat pipe technology and the enhancement of the heat transfer capability of the heat pipe will be the research emphasis in future.%热管技术在航天器等温化、热传递、散热和仪器设备热控制等方面具有广泛应用。文章介绍了热管的工作原理、分类及热控制应用考虑的因素；评述了热管技术在国内外航天器热控制中的应用进展；指出了热管技术进一步发展的方向。发展新型热管和提高热管传热能力将是今后热管技术的研究重点。
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