同义词是自然语言中普遍存在的语言现象,但同义的词或短语似乎并不在语言交流的有效性上占有优势.因而,自然语言中的同义词是一个需要被辩护和解释的性质.基于Lewis的信号博弈模型,Alexander等构建的带有新信号发明机制的博弈模型部分证明了同义词的优势,但该优势只是他们说明新信号发明机制的一个副产品.同义词在信号博弈中被证明能够有效地减少不成功的信息交流,从而提高交流的效率.作为Alexander等的工作的补充,在这篇文章中,我们论证了一定程度的同义性已经足够增强一个信号博弈的有效性.同时,我们还论证了新信号发明机制并不在激发同义词优势上具有决定性的作用.一个仅带有同义词的信号博弈模型可以达到与带有新信号发明机制的博弈模型达到同样的优势效果甚至有时候更好.%Synonym is present in many natural languages, but the synonymous words and phrases do not seem to be advantageous. Therefore,the presence of synonym in natural lan-guage warrants explanation.Based on Lewis's signaling model,the inventing new signal model developed by Alexander et al.(2012)partly showed the advantages of synonym as a by-product of the invention mechanism. Synonym is helpful with avoiding the imperfect communication in signaling games, thereby, improving the efficiency of communication, namely, payoffs of the game.As a complement of Alexander et al's work,in this paper,we establish that a certain degree of synonym is enough to improve the efficiency of the game.Meanwhile,we argue that invention mechanism is not essential for bringing out the advantage of synonym.The signaling game with the presence of synonym achieves the same advantages as the invention model does and sometimes even better.
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