确定赤红壤区不同品系甘蔗最佳氮钾肥用量，为甘蔗合理施肥提供参考。供试甘蔗品种为粤糖55号、桂糖32号和柳城05-136。按N和K2O不同施用水平配比(低水平375 kg/hm2、高水平450 kg/hm2)设置低氮低钾、低氮高钾、高氮低钾、高氮高钾各处理，研究不同处理对甘蔗生长、产量及养分吸收的影响。结果表明，不同处理对不同品系甘蔗的出苗及分蘖有显著影响；低氮低钾配比处理有利于粤糖55号增产；高氮高钾配比处理有利于桂糖32号增产；高钾水平处理有利于柳城05-136增产。低氮低钾配比处理下各品系甘蔗蔗茎中全氮、全磷的含量均高于其他处理，且差异显著。不同品系蔗茎中全钾含量在不同氮钾配比下表现有所差异，差异显著。在强酸性赤红壤区，不同品系甘蔗苗期、分蘖期应注意调整氮钾肥比例，以利于甘蔗生长。但在甘蔗生长后期，氮钾肥仅对甘蔗单茎重有显著影响，不是影响该地区产量的主要障碍因子。需对其他养分进行调节或改良土壤来增加其产量。%The optimum dosage of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer of different sugarcane varieties by different nitrogen and potassium ratio was determined. YT55, GT32 and Liucheng05-136 were selected as representatives of three strains, 4 different nitrogen and potassium ratio (low level 375 kg/hm2, high level 450 kg/hm2) were plotted to study the difference of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on sugarcane growth, yield and nutrient uptake. The results showed that different nitrogen and potassium ratio had significant different effect to the emergence and tiller of different strains of sugarcane. performance. Low N, K level were beneficial for YT55’s production, high N, K level were beneficial for GT32’s production, high K level was beneficial for Liucheng05-136’s production, but the difference was not significant. The total nitrogen and total phosphorus content were the highest in low N, K level of sugarcane, and the difference was significant. In different N, K levels, stems of different sugarcane varieties differed in total potassium content, and the difference was significant. At strong acidity lateritic red soils, more attention should be paid to ratio of N, K for different strains of sugarcane during seedling, tillering stage to facilitate the growth of sugarcane. But in the latter part of the growth stage, N, K only had a significant effect on single stem weight and was not the main obstacle affecting production in the region. Other nutrients or soil improvement was needed to increase cane production.
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