自上世纪90年代以来，台湾史教科书的编纂问题逐渐显现。早期从“乡土史”与“中国史”的角度肯定台湾史教育的重要性，随着“本土化”运动的发展，“乡土”角度的思路逐渐遭到排斥，不过仍正视台湾与大陆血缘、历史、文化上的关系。2000年以后，不少论者逐渐认为“中国史”仅属于“外省人”的“历史记忆”，进而否定其与“台湾”有不可割裂的历史文化联系。这种以建构“台湾民族主义”为目的的台湾史教育倾向，导致台湾中小学历史教育陷入举步维艰的处境。台湾史编纂问题上的历史认同及意识形态纷争反映台湾社会对何谓“台湾主体性”仍缺乏基本的共识，而其中最关键的是如何处理“台湾意识”与“中国意识”的关系，即呈现“台湾主体性”与承认“台湾与中国密切难分的关系”。%There has arisen gradually the problem of Taiwan history textbook compilation since 1990s. In the early stage, the importance of Taiwan history education was affirmed from the perspectives of“local history” and“Chinese history”. How-ever, with the development of“localization” movement, the relationships of blood, history and culture between Taiwan and the mainland are still recognized in spite of the fact that the idea of “local” has been gradually rejected. Ever since 2000,many scholars believe that “Chinese history” is only the “historical memory” of “the mainlanders”,and deny their inseparable his-torical and cultural ties with Taiwan. Obviously, the tendency of Taiwan history education which aims to construct“Taiwan na-tionalism” has caused the history education in Taiwan middle and primary schools to fall into a difficult situation. In fact, the historical identity and ideological dispute over the compilation of Taiwan history reflect the lack of basic consensus on what is meant by “Taiwan subjectivity” in Taiwan society. The key to this problem, according to the writer, lies in how to deal with the relationship between“Taiwan consciousness” and“Chinese consciousness”, namely“Taiwan subjectivity” and“the insep-arable relationship between Taiwan and China”.
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