The article points out that the ten music characters in the Tangut transcript Tarir. 22/1 preserved in the Oriental literature institution of the Russian science academy is the flute score in the Song and Yuan Dynasty and it is the first sample of exsisting tenmusic -characters flute score system. It shares the same music score system with The Song ofBaishi lmmortal by Jiang Kui, the same flute score with The Encyclopedia of the Southern Song and Yuan Dynasty, the same ten music-characters system with the Yuefu ballads in the Yuan Dynasty. At the same time, it has the same order with the music score table of Music in the History of the Liao Kingdom, and has a similar looking and the same order with the music-character in the Tangu music transcript No. 12380/21 preserved in England. This suggests that the ten music-characters flute score was likely popular in the Tangut as same as in the Song and Yuan Dynasty.%本文指出俄罗斯科学院东方文献研究所保存的西夏写本Tanr．22／1上的十个乐符是宋元时期的笛谱，也是现存十字笛谱系统的最早样本。它与姜夔《白石道人歌曲》中的乐谱、《事林广记》中的笛谱、元代乐曲集《乐府浑成集》中的十字记谱系统相同，其次序又同于《辽史·大乐》中的十字乐符表，并与英藏Or．12380／21号西夏写本上的乐符有着相像的面貌和几乎相同的次序。这表明这种十字笛谱在宋辽境内流行的同时，极有可能也曾在西夏流行。
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