基于社会资本理论和吸收能力理论, 将社会资本分为市场、制度及技术3个维度, 利用沪深两市55家农业上市公司数据, 对社会资本、吸收能力与企业财务、创新绩效之间的内在关系进行实证分析.结果表明:市场资本和制度资本对企业财务、创新绩效具有不显著负相关关系, 技术社会资本与创新绩效显著正相关, 并且吸收能力正向调节技术资本和创新绩效之间的关系;吸收能力与创新绩效显著正相关, 与财务绩效不显著正相关.企业在注重外部社会资本的同时, 要时刻注重内部知识管理和不断引进知识型人才, 增强企业对信息、技术、知识的吸收能力, 以此来提高企业绩效.%Based on social capital theory and absorptive capacity theory, social capital is divided into three dimensions: market, institutional and technology. Using 55 listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets, the paper explored the intrinsic relationship between Social capital, absorptive capacity and corporate performance. The empirical results show that: market capital and institutional capital have no significant negative correlations to corporate performance (finance performance and innovation performance), technical capital has significant positive correlations with innovation performance, and absorptive capacity positively adjusts the relationship between technological capital and innovation performance; absorptive capacity is positively correlated with innovation performance, but is not significantly correlated with financial performance positively. While focusing on external social capital, enterprises should pay attention to internal knowledge management and the constant introduction of knowledge-based talents, and enhance their ability to absorb information, technology and knowledge so as to improve corporate performance.
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