Ionic liquids (IL)are completely the liquid compounds composed of specific cation and anion existing at or close to room temperature in the liquid state.Ionic liquids have been consid-ered as a kind of potential candidates for CO2 capture,on the basis of their unique properties like easy structural modification or functionalization,especially their strong affinity to CO2 .In the con-ventional ILs,CO2 is absorbed by occupying the free space between the ions,high pressure is nee-ded in this physical absorption process,and the absorption capacity is relatively low.Functional-ized ILs is another good option for CO2 absorption,which is a chemical process.Taking into ac-count the chemical interaction of amino with CO2 molecule,introduction of amino-group or other alkaline groups into IL would construct functionalized ionic liquids for the CO2 removal.In this paper,the mechanism and research progress of the absorption of CO2 by ionic liquid are intro-duced.Furthermore,the prospect for the development and direction of the ionic liquid CO2 fixation is indicated.%离子液完全是由特定的阴、阳离子所构成的有机盐,在室温或近于室温下呈液态,通过调整阴阳离子结构或加入功能化基团,可形成具有特定功能、任务专一的吸收剂,其用于CO2固定显示出良好性能。普通离子液主要利用离子间特有的自由空间固定CO2,这种物理吸收过程需要较高的压力,且吸收容量较低；功能化离子液中通过引入碱性功能基团来吸收CO2,提高了离子液对CO2的吸收容量。
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