Intangible cultural heritages have general public product features and externalities which are the main causes of market failure. For the market failure of intangible cultural heritages, thinking of law and eco-nomics is to define the property rights and develop the law. The modern intellectual property rights can not provide protection to the information or ideas of the"expression", which may result in the defects of the tradi-tional knowledge and resources, determining the defects in the protection of intangible cultural heritage, and therefore other private law tools are needed. By setting and implementation of administrative incentive, Ad-ministrative law mobilizes and inspires people to provide positive externalities enthusiasm and creativity, but it is difficult to balance the limitations of self relief for the regulation of private rights. The implementation of In-tangible Cultural Heritage Law is conducive to encourage and protect positive externalities as a whole, but the law for the nature and content of rights of intangible cultural heritage is still vague. China's future legislation should pay more attention to the civil rights of the intangible cultural heritage.%非物质文化遗产具有的一般公共产品特性及外部性,是导致市场失灵的主要原因.对于非物质文化遗产市场失灵,法经济学思路是通过界定产权、制定法律加以解决.现代知识产权不能对"表达"形式下面的信息或思想提供保护以及可能导致传统知识与资源严重商业化等制度缺陷性,决定了这种法律工具在非物质文化遗产保护中的缺陷,因而需要其他私法工具.行政法通过设定和实施行政激励以调动和激发人们提供正外部性的积极性和创造性,但其局限性是难以兼顾对私权自力救济的规制.《非物质文化遗产法》的实施整体有利于鼓励和保护非遗正外部性,但这部法律对于非遗权利性质和内容仍语焉不详.我国未来的立法须更多关注非遗民事权利的完善.
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