Mushroom (P. sajor-caju) was cultivated with rice straw. The rice straw was chopped and ground to investigate the effects of two physical pretreatment methods on mushroom yield and nutrient utilization. It was found that rice straw ground into 2.0 cm produced highest yield of mushroom as compared to the rice straw chopped into 2.0 and 4.0 cm and that ground into 0.5 cm, indicating that appropriately grinding pretreatment of rice straw is an effective method to increase mushroom yield, however, too fine grinding did not increase yield. More C, N, P, K were transported into mushroom body and therefore effectively used in the ground straw than the chopped one, implying improved utilization efficiency of nutrient in the ground straw as a result of grinding pretreatment.%以稻草为基质培养平菇P. sajor-caju,就不同物理预处理方法(切碎和粉碎)、不同处理尺寸对平菇产量和基质营养利用效率的影响进行了试验研究.结果显示,与切碎预处理相比,粉碎处理有利于提高平菇产量和基质营养的利用效率,但过度粉碎效果并不好;当稻草粉碎成2.0 cm时,平菇的产量最高;稻草基质营养的利用效率与产量之间存在对应关系,平菇产量愈高,基质中主要营养成分C、N、P、K的利用效率也就愈高.合适的粉碎预处理是提高平菇产量的简单有效的方法之一.
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