The security of agricultural products relates to people's livelihood and it has been a major issue of national concern. But in recent years, the lack of effective quality control in agricultural products industry, the existence of supply chain organization hierarchy complicated and unclear division of responsibilities and the frequently occurrence of agricultural product's safety has raised country and people's attention to agricultural products, especially fresh agricultural products. In the paper, based on the critical success factors method, it surveys the supplier of fresh agricultural products in Nanjing in order to search out the key factors that effect the safety of fresh produce supply chain, including the level of management, quality of staff, technical equipment and the external environment. At the same time, it builds up the structural interpretation model to find the relationship between the key factors in order to control the key factor of fresh produce supply chain security and puts forward some suggestions and measures for controlling fresh produce supply chain security.%农产品安全关乎民生，长期以来一直是国家关注的重大问题。但近年来，由于农产品行业缺乏有效的质量监管，供应链组织层次复杂、职责划分不清等问题的存在，农产品安全问题时常发生，国家以及老百姓们对农产品，尤其是生鲜农产品的关注度越来越高。本文应用关键成功因素法，通过对南京市生鲜农产品供应商的调查，寻找出影响生鲜农产品供应链安全的因素，主要包括管理水平、员工素质、技术设备以及外部环境。同时，构建结构解释模型，寻找因素之间的关系，以便把控生鲜农产品供应链安全中的关键因素，提出控制生鲜农产品供应链安全的建议及措施。
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