In this paper, using plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) soil K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe were measured sample with four mineral acid system solution, without separation of impurities, it can be directly measured. Law optimized experimental conditions to determine the best analysis of the wavelength, the detection limit of the assay method: 0.006~0.0186mg/ml, RSD% is: 0.5032%~1.030%, double the difference is less than 1, the recovery was 99.41%~100%. High accuracy and precision, quick and easy method, pretreatment simple analysis process short, to fully meet the requirements of geological work.%本论文采用等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）土壤中的K，Na，Ca，Mg，Fe进行了测定，样品以四酸体系溶矿，不经分离杂质，即可直接测定。本法通过优化实验条件确定了最佳分析波长，该测定方法检出限为：0.006~0.0186mg/ml，RSD%为：0.5032%~1.030%，双差均小于1，回收率为99.41%~100%。准确度和精密度较高，方法快速简单，预处理简单，分析流程短，完全满足地质工作要求。
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