The groundwater plays a significant role in water supply in north China. In the past 50 years, effective irrigation areas continuously increased the yield of grain. Henan is one of the important agriculture provinces in China, water use for agriculture largely depends on diversion water from the Yellow River, it threatens the groundwater as well as the local rivers. It was found that diversion water can refresh local groundwater, whereas river polluted by irrigation and over-exploitation of groundwater result the pollution of local shallow groundwater and the decline of regional water table. In order to optimize groundwater management for high agricultural yield, water resources construction should be paid more attention to.%地下水是中国华北地区水资源的重要组成部分，决定该区域农业灌溉用水的关键。在过去的50年，有效灌溉面积不断提高了谷物的产量。河南作为中国一个重要的农业大省，农业用水主要依靠于黄河水的引黄灌溉，不仅使当地河流受到了污染，甚至威胁到了地下水。根据研究表明，调水能够改善当地地下水，然而受灌溉污染的河水和过度开采地下水会导致浅层地下水污染和地下水水位下降。为了优化农业产量高的地区地下水管理模式，水资源的建设应该受到更多的关注。
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