Medical service fee is the embodiment of the medical staff technical labor value. The adjustment of medical service becomes the focus of the current health care reform. This paper applies system dynamics models to analyze the effects of medical service fee on several aspects, including the change of behavior of doctor and patient as well as marketing behavior of pharmaceutical enterprises. Then the paper analyzes the key roles of medical service fee in promoting return of public welfare of public hospitals through the construction of the causality graph of medical services fee in medical service system. Those roles are prompting the hospital rational drug use and improving the quality of diagnosis and treatment; promoting patient triage and increasing satisfaction; promoting the pharmaceutical enterprises to win the market with quality of drugs. Finally, it puts forward the countermeasures according to the research conclusions: to firm confidence in this reform and timely to take safeguard measures. One is to ensure the realization of doctors’value by hospital management rules. The other is to strengthen primary health care resource to accept patients’selection.%医疗服务费是医务人员技术劳动价值的体现，调整医疗服务费是当前医疗改革的焦点。本文应用系统动力学方法通过分析医疗服务费调整通过提升医师技术价值从而对医务人员诊疗行为和患者就医行为以及医药企业营销行为的影响，构建医疗服务费对医改影响的因果关系图，分析了医疗服务费调整的关键作用，即促使医方合理用药，提高诊疗质量；促使患者就诊分流，满意度提高；促使医药企业以药品质量赢得市场。最后本文根据研究结论提出相关建议：坚定医疗服务费改革的信心，并及时采取保障措施，一是医院管理制度上保障医务人员价值实现，二是加强基层医疗资源配置吸纳患者的分流。
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