Xinjiang has the largest land area of China, but due to constraints of natural conditions, ecological problems are serious. Although the government has made a lot of efforts in dealing with ecological environment for years, but the situation is still grim. Contradictions between population, resources and the ecological environment in sustainable development have become increasingly prominent. Since the implementation of the western development strategy, Xinjiang has got rapid economic development, but in the meantime, we must study and analyze the prominent contradictions affecting the sustainable development in Xinjiang. In this paper, the ecological footprint theory is used to calculate and analyze the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2008. The sustainable development status of Xinjiang is analyzed based on the results, and appropriate countermeasures are proposed.%新疆的土地面积位居全国之首，地域广阔，但是由于自然条件的约束，生态问题较为严重，虽然多年来政府在治理生态环境方面做了很多努力，但是形势依然严峻。人口、资源和生态的矛盾在可持续发展中日益突出。西部大开发战略实施以来，新疆的经济发展迅速，但是与此同时我们也要更多的在经济发展的同时，研究和分析影响新疆可持续发展的突出矛盾。本文利用生态足迹理论对新疆2000-2008年的生态足迹和生态承载力情况进行了计算和分析，并根据计算结果分析新疆的可持续发展状态，并提出相应的对策建议。
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