湄公河是一条跨越中国、老挝、缅甸、泰国、柬埔寨和越南六国的国际河流。国际河流的利用和开发是中国在面向次湄公河区域合作过程中不可避免要面对的问题和迎接的挑战。本文通过对国际河流利用中，中国同下游国家进行环境保护国际合作的必要性、湄公河利用与环境保护现状及问题的阐述，提出了应当建立湄公河开发、生态保护与航运贸易相结合的管理规划模式、与相邻国家在国内外环境保护与水利开发增加互动的国际合作并明确相应的国际责任的建议。%Mekong is a international river that crosses six countries of China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Development and utilization of international rivers are the problems and challenges for China which will inevitably face and greet in the Mekong sub-regional cooperation process. Through elaborating the necessity of international cooperation in environmental protection for China and the downstream countries, the use, environmental protection situations and problems of Mekong in the utilization of international rivers, this paper proposes that the management planning mode of combining Mekong development, ecological protection and shipping trade should be established, the international cooperation of environmental protection at home and abroad and water conservancy development with neighboring countries should be increased and the international responsibilities should be cleared.
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