Headrace system engineering of Yalong River Guandi Hydropower Station is located in high stress areas, the maximum value of the main forces achieves 39.63MPa, chasm and fault zone of part of the cavern is more, and dipping fault zone and high inclination fissure cut each other, so the cavern excavation and support become more difficult and it is particularly important to reasonably chose excavation and support parameters. According to the geological characteristics of the project, the distribution characteristics of each cavern and cavern structure, this paper used prototype monitoring means to monitor the excavation and support process and the changes in stress and strain after excavation. For unusual circumstances, through the analysis of monitoring data, it reasonably adjusted the excavation blasting parameters, adjusted or optimized support parameters, made early warning and monitoring of the project construction process and operation to ensure the safe and smooth construction.%雅砻江官地水电站引水发电系统工程处于高地应力区，最大主应力量值达39.63MPa，部分洞室断层、错动带分布较多，缓倾错动带与高倾度裂隙相互切割，使得洞室开挖支护难度加大，合理选择开挖支护参数就显得尤为重要。本工程根据地质特性，各洞室的分布特点及洞室结构利用原型监测手段对洞室开挖支护过程中以及开挖后岩体的应力应变变化情况进行监控。针对异常情况，通过对监测数据的分析，合理调整开挖爆破参数，调整或优化支护参数，对工程的施工过程和运行进行预警与监控，保证工程施工的安全、顺利进行。
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