随着我国城市进入地下空间开发建设新时期,深基坑工程施工风险问题日益凸显.以上海轨道交通某车站深基坑工程为例,运用故障树分析法,编制其地下水事故故障树,从定性分析到定量分析,对各基本事件进行结构重要度、概率重要度和关键重要度分析,得出承压水超降、无有效阻隔、无承压水补给措施等基本事件对本深基坑工程地下水事故的影响较大,进而提出降水方案的确定、地下连续墙质量的保证、围护-降水一体化设计、分层降压、高精度水位控制、按工况按需降水等措施,以控制深基坑工程地下水风险.%With China's urban enter to the underground space development era, the risk of deep foundation pit project is becoming increasingly prominent. Based on a Shanghai Metro station deep foundation pit project, the risk is analyzed by using of fault tree analysis. Qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are made, such as structure importance, probability importance and key importance analysis of the basic events. We find the main affective factors and draw up the corresponding control methods.
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