This paper studies the training course efficiency level in higher vocational colleges with the sample of five higher vocational colleges, using the multiple regression to study the effect of training courses on higher vocational students’ practical ability development from teaching and background factors. It is found, in the course teaching level, the material conditions of training courses has the biggest influence on course efficiency; in the students’ background level, the grades of the college entrance examination has no significant correlation with the students’ vocational ability development. In addition, in the range of students’ vocational ability improvement, the same specialties exist significant difference between different schools, there is a big difference between the result of value-added evaluation and the result of general evaluation.%以5所高职院校样本为数据来源研究高职实训课程效能水平。采用多元回归技术，从课程教学因素和背景因素两个角度出发研究实训课程对高职学生实践能力发展的影响。结果表明：在课程教学层面，实训课程物力条件对课程效能影响最大；在学生背景层面，学生高考入学成绩与学生职业能力发展无显著相关性。此外，在提高学生职业能力进步幅度方面，不同学校间相同专业存在明显差异；增值评价结果与一般测评结果存在较大差异。
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