Hydraulic transient (water hammer)refers to the dynamic change of flow and pres-sure in hydraulic system,which comes from the fact that transient increase of water pressure in the pipes would cause pressure waves and transmit it in sound velocity.In this paper,hydraulic transi-ent was analyzed through rigid water hammer model and flexible water hammer model.Simplified finite difference equation was adopted to build a characteristics-method mathematical model for hy-draulic transient and set up boundary conditions for pump motions and valve motions.Characteris-tic method equation and boundary conditions equation were used to get the transient of water hammer waves in pipelines so as to solve the problems of water hammer in complicated pipeline sys-tem and boundary conditions.%由于管道内压力瞬间升高，压力波在管道内以声速传递，导致水力系统流量和压力动态变化，即产生水力瞬变(水锤)，通过刚性水锤模型和弹性水锤模型分析给水管线水力瞬变，采用简化的有限差分方程，建立特征线法水力瞬变数学模型，并建立了泵、阀动作的边界条件，可借助于特征线方程和边界条件方程，求解管线内水锤波的暂态，以解决复杂的管路系统和边界条件的水锤问题。
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