目的:测量羊髁突的弹性参量，以便为颞下颌关节生物力学研究提供基本力学参量。方法:采用新鲜山羊下颌骨标本，制成4 mm×6 mm×10 mm标准试件，用超声透射方法，以超声分析仪和数字示波器进行信号分析，测量超声波在标本中的传播速度，根据试件密度及超声在试件中的传播速度，换算羊髁突的弹性系数及技术常数。结果:获得了山羊髁突的体积密度、声波在髁突不同方向上的传播速度、羊髁突作为正交各向异性体的9个弹性系数即c11为4.19±0.12,c22为4.60±0.21,c33为3.25±0.18,c44为0.95±0.05,c55为0.68±0.04,c66为0.86±0.03,c12为1.99±0.05,c13为1.12±0.05,c23为1.39±0.02,及全部技术常数。结论:①运用超声技术测量髁突弹性参量是可行的。②山羊的髁突是各向异性的线弹性体，其弹性参量与下颌骨相应参量间有差异。③山羊髁突在垂直于横轴方向上的弹性模量最大，而在沿横轴方向上的剪切模量最大。%Objective:The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the elastic properties of goat mandibular condyles and to provide basic constants for biomechanical study of temporomandibular joint.Methods: A fresh goat mandible was adopted and the standard condyle specimen of 4 mm×6 mm×10 mm was obtained from it. The structure density of the condyle was determined according to Archimede′s principle. The transmitting velocities of ultrasonic wave in different directions of goat condyles were measured by using the ultrasonic system, which was composed of a transmitting transducer of 1.25MHz,a receiving transducer of 2.5MHz, an ultrasonic analyzer (5052UA) and a digital storage oscilloscope (HP54601A). The elastic coefficients and technical constants could be calculated by elastic equations.Results: The structural density of the sample and the wave velocities in different directions of the condyle were both obtained by direct measurement. And then, nine elastic coefficients and all of the technical constants of orthotropic condyles were calculated. Conclusion: ①It is practicable to measure elastic properties of the condyle by using ultrosonic technique. ②Goat condyles of the mandible are a type of anisotropic and linearly elastic material.③The direction perpendicular to the transverse ridge of the goat condyle has the highest Young's modulus. As to shear modulus, the direction along the transverse ridge shows the highest value.
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