The antimicrobial performances, characteristics and mechanism of quaternary ammonium salt are introduced, the different types of quaternary ammonium salt and their application in antibacterial materials are reviewed, and then the development direction of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial materials in the future is predicted.% 介绍了季铵盐的抗菌性能、抗菌特点与抗菌机理，综述了不同类型季铵盐及其在抗菌材料中的应用，展望了季铵盐抗菌材料未来发展的方向。
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