目的：探讨五行中水家族的构成，其成员特点的相似性以及各自之间的区别联系。方法：应用维特根斯坦家族相似性理论，对五材中的水、五方中的北、五色中的黑、五味中的咸、五季中的冬以及五脏中的肾在“水家族”这一范畴形成过程中的作用进行分析。结果：五行水家族成员之间存在家族相似性，五行中水家族是通过家族相似性的类比联系起来的。结论：“水家族”成员是通过类比推理联系在一起的，成员之间存在着盘根错节的相似；“水家族”的特征是将各组成部分的特征归纳而成，而后将“水家族”特征赋予给了家族成员；中医理论体系借用了五行学说，肾的某些功能并不是本身所具有的，是由于将“水家族”特征赋予得到的。%Objective:To discuss the composition of “water family”in the five elements theory,and to explore the similarities and differences between these family members.Methods:Using Wittgensteins family-resemblance theory,analyze members of the “water family”:water,north,black,salty,winter and kidney.Results:The members of “water family”have family resemblance,and they are associated by analogy.Conclusion:The members of “water family”have interconnected resemblance,and they are associated by a-nalogy.The features of the “water family”are the summed-up features of each family member,in return they are given back to each family member.The traditional Chinese medical theory was based on the five elements theory.Therefore,the human organs had been classified according to the five elements theory.So it will be easily understood that some functions of kidney are endowed with the fea-tures of the “water family”rather than naturally possessed.
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