In order to comprehensively evaluate the efficiency of urban water use efficiency, the evaluation index system was established based on the red line of water use efficiency from three aspects:industry water use,domestic water use and ecological water use. The evaluation model of water use efficiency was constructed by principal component analysis based on Spass software. The efficiency of water use in Shanghai from 2008 to 2015 was evaluated by the model. The results show that water use efficiency of Shanghai has been improving. Through principal component analysis and index weight analysis, the conclusion is drawn that we should focus on improving the efficiency of urban water use from the aspects of domestic water use and agricultural water use. The results are in accordance with the actual situation in Shanghai,showing that the evaluation model is reasonable and feasible.%为综合评价城市用水效率,基于用水效率红线,从生产用水、生活用水、生态用水等3个方面建立了评价指标体系;采用基于Spass软件的主成分分析法构建了用水效率评价模型,对上海市2008~2015年的用水效率做出评价.计算结果表明:上海市的用水效率呈现出总体上升的趋势,通过主成分分析以及指标权重分析,说明上海市应重点从生活用水、农业用水方面来提高城市用水效率.结论与上海市的实际情况相符,说明构建的用水效率评价模型具有合理性和可行性.
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