The water ecological civilization construction is one of the important strategic initiatives of alleviating the human wa-ter conflicts,solving the complex water issues in China and the indispensable choice of harmonious development of economy and society. Currently,the construction of water ecological civilization is in the exploratory stage,so the research foundation is very weak,and the complete theoretical system to support the development of civilization process has not been formed,which seriously affected the further research work. Therefore,the idea of building the theoretical system of water ecological civilization construc-tion is put forward from the basic national conditions and water conditions in China by consideration of the situation of water eco-logical civilization,based on analysis of its concept,meaning and building goals;the necessity is explained,and the preliminary theoretical system framework for the water ecological civilization construction is given;the main contents of the theoretical system, including its ideological system,basic theory and technical methods are described. A relatively complete theoretical system of wa-ter ecological civilization construction is expected through further efforts,so as to lay a theoretical foundation for promoting the construction of water ecological civilization.%水生态文明建设是缓解人水矛盾、解决我国复杂水问题的重要战略举措，是保障经济社会和谐发展的必然选择。目前，我国水生态文明建设处于探索阶段，研究基础薄弱，尚未形成一套完善的理论体系支撑整个文明进程的发展，极大地影响了研究工作的进一步推进。基于此，从我国基本国情、水情出发，结合水生态文明现状，在对水生态文明概念、内涵和建设目标认真分析的基础上，提出了构建水生态文明建设理论体系的设想，阐述其必要性，并给出水生态文明建设理论体系的初步框架；阐述了理论体系的主要内容，包括水生态文明建设的思想体系、基本理论和技术方法等。以期逐步形成比较完善的生态文明建设理论体系，为推进水生态文明建设奠定基础。
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