Objective To explore the distribution of positive allergens in patients with chronic eczema and their clinical significance. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on chronic eczema with at least one positive serum specific IgE antibody test result from 512 patients treated in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. Results Totally,512 patients with chronic eczema were included in this study. The top three allergens were house dust mite /dust mite(19.52%),codfish/lobster/scallop(10.75%)and shrimp(8.06%).The positive rate of allergens,the positive rate of inhaled allergens,the positive rate of food allergens and the positive rate of inhaled allergens combined food allergens between the males and females was no significant difference(P>0.05).The relation between the positive grades of allergen specific IgE antibody test result and the incidence of generalized eczema,Group A against Group B and Group A against Group C both had significant difference(P<0.05),while Group B against Group C was no significant difference(P=0.2268). Conclusion Allergens are closely related to chronic eczema. The detection of serum allergen specific IgE antibody is conducive to help the clinic to find allergens and provide the basis for treatment and prevention.%目的 探讨慢性湿疹常见的阳性过敏原分布情况及其临床意义.方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年12月间来本院就诊的512例慢性湿疹患者血清中过敏原特异性IgE抗体的检测结果.结果 512例慢性湿疹患者,前三位阳性过敏原依次是屋尘螨/粉尘螨(19.52%)、鳕鱼/龙虾/扇贝(10.75%)、虾(8.06%).男性患者和女性患者在过敏原阳性率、吸入性过敏原阳性率、食物性过敏原阳性率和吸入/食物性过敏原同时阳性率等方面的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).过敏原特异性IgE抗体阳性分级与泛发性湿疹的发生率,甲组与乙组、甲组与丙组之间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);乙组与丙组之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.2268).结论 过敏原与慢性湿疹关系密切,血清特异性IgE抗体检测有助于找到过敏原并为治疗和预防提供依据.
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