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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>American Journal of Public Hygiene >The Effectiveness of Child Restraint Systems for Children Aged 3 Years or Younger During Motor Vehicle Collisions: 1996 to 2005
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The Effectiveness of Child Restraint Systems for Children Aged 3 Years or Younger During Motor Vehicle Collisions: 1996 to 2005

机译：1996年至2005年对3岁及以下的儿童进行碰撞时的儿童约束系统的有效性

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摘要

Objectives. We estimated the effectiveness of child restraints in preventing death during motor vehicle collisions among children 3 years or younger.Methods. We conducted a matched cohort study using Fatality Analysis Reporting System data from 1996 to 2005. We estimated death risk ratios using conditional Poisson regression, bootstrapping, multiple imputation, and a sensitivity analysis of misclassification bias. We examined possible effect modification by selected factors.Results. The estimated death risk ratios comparing child safety seats with no restraint were 0.27 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21, 0.34) for infants, 0.24 (95% CI = 0.19, 0.30) for children aged 1 year, 0.40 (95% CI = 0.32, 0.51) for those aged 2 years, and 0.41 (95% CI = 0.33, 0.52) for those aged 3 years. Estimated safety seat effectiveness was greater during rollover collisions, in rural environments, and in light trucks. We estimated seat belts to be as effective as safety seats in preventing death for children aged 2 and 3 years.Conclusions. Child safety seats are highly effective in reducing the risk of death during severe traffic collisions and generally outperform seat belts. Parents should be encouraged to use child safety seats in favor of seat belts.
机译：目标。我们估计了儿童约束器在防止3岁及以下儿童发生的汽车碰撞中死亡方面的有效性。我们使用“死亡率分析报告系统”（1996）至2005年的数据进行了队列研究。我们使用条件泊松回归，自举，多重归因和误分类偏倚的敏感性分析来估计死亡风险比。我们研究了通过选定因素可能产生的影响。结果。比较无约束的儿童安全座椅的估计死亡风险比是：婴儿0.27（95％置信区间[CI] = 0.21，0.34），1岁儿童0.24（95％CI = 0.19，0.30），0.40（95％） 2岁儿童的CI为0.32，0.51），3岁儿童的CI为0.41（95％CI = 0.33，0.52）。在翻车事故，乡村环境和轻型卡车中，估计的安全座椅有效性更高。我们估计安全带在防止2岁和3岁儿童死亡方面与安全座椅一样有效。儿童安全座椅在减少严重交通事故中的死亡风险方面非常有效，通常优于安全带。应鼓励父母使用儿童安全座椅，而不使用安全带。

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