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Lifting Boats Without Closing Gaps: Child Health Outcomes in Distressed US Cities From 1992–2002

机译:吊船无缝隙:1992-2002年美国陷入困境的城市的儿童健康状况

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Objectives. We compared cause-specific mortality and birth rates for children and youths aged younger than 18 years in 100 US cities from 1992 through 2002.Methods. We used 5 census indicators to categorize the 100 most populous US cities in 1990 as economically distressed or nondistressed. We used Poisson regression to calculate rate ratios for cause-specific mortality and birth rates, comparing distressed cities to nondistressed cities overall and by race/ethnicity from 1992 through 2002. We also calculated rates of change in these variables within each city over this period.Results. Despite improvements in health for the study population in all cities, disparities between city groups held steady or widened over the study period. Gaps in outcomes between Whites and Blacks persisted across all cities. Living in a distressed city compounded the disparities in poor outcomes for Black children and youths.Conclusions. A strong national economy during the study period may have facilitated improvements in health outcomes for children and youths in US cities, but these benefits did not close gaps between distressed and nondistressed cities.
机译:目标。我们比较了1992年至2002年美国100个城市中18岁以下儿童和青年的特定原因死亡率和出生率。我们使用了5个人口普查指标,将1990年美国人口最多的100个城市归为经济不景气或不景气。我们使用Poisson回归来计算特定原因死亡率和出生率的比率,比较受困城市与未受困城市的总体情况,并比较1992年至2002年的种族/民族。我们还计算了此期间每个城市中这些变量的变化率。结果。尽管所有城市的研究人群的健康状况都有所改善,但在研究期间,城市群体之间的差异保持稳定或扩大。在所有城市中,白人和黑人之间的结果差距仍然存在。生活在陷入困境的城市使黑人儿童和青少年的结局差变得更加严重。在研究期间,强劲的国民经济可能促进了美国城市儿童和青少年健康状况的改善,但是这些好处并没有弥合贫困和非贫困城市之间的差距。

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