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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>BMJ Open Access >Special communication: International trade law plain packaging and tobacco industry political activity: the Trans-Pacific Partnership
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Special communication: International trade law plain packaging and tobacco industry political activity: the Trans-Pacific Partnership

机译：特别交流：国际贸易法无装饰包装和烟草业的政治活动：跨太平洋伙伴关系

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摘要

Tobacco companies are increasingly turning to trade and investment agreements to challenge measures aimed at reducing tobacco use. This study examines their efforts to influence the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a major trade and investment agreement which may eventually cover 40% of the world's population; focusing on how these efforts might enhance the industry's power to challenge the introduction of plain packaging. Specifically, the paper discusses the implications for public health regulation of Philip Morris International's interest in using the TPP to: shape the bureaucratic structures and decision-making processes of business regulation at the national level; introduce a higher standard of protection for trademarks than is currently provided under the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights; and expand the coverage of Investor-State Dispute Settlement which empowers corporations to litigate directly against governments where they are deemed to be in breach of investment agreements. The large number of countries involved in the TPP underlines its risk to the development of tobacco regulation globally.
机译：烟草公司越来越多地转向贸易和投资协议，以挑战旨在减少烟草使用的措施。本研究考察了他们为影响跨太平洋伙伴关系（TPP）而做出的努力，跨太平洋伙伴关系是一项主要的贸易和投资协议，最终可能覆盖世界40％的人口；着重于这些努力如何增强行业挑战无装饰包装的力量。具体地说，本文讨论了菲利普莫里斯国际公司（Philip Morris International）在使用TPP进行以下活动时对公共卫生监管的意义：塑造国家一级的官僚结构和商业法规的决策过程；引入比当前与《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》所提供的更高的商标保护标准；扩大投资者与国家之间争端解决的范围，使公司有权直接对被认为违反投资协议的政府提起诉讼。参与TPP的国家众多，突显了其对全球烟草法规发展的风险。

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