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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>British Journal of Industrial Medicine >Psychosocial conditions on and off the job and psychological ill health: depressive symptoms impaired psychological wellbeing heavy consumption of alcohol
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Psychosocial conditions on and off the job and psychological ill health: depressive symptoms impaired psychological wellbeing heavy consumption of alcohol

机译：上班和下班期间的社会心理状况和心理健康状况：抑郁症状心理健康受损大量饮酒

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>Background: Psychiatric epidemiology has revealed a number of associations between gender, socioeconomic status, and psychiatric disorders. >Aims: To examine psychosocial conditions on and off the job in relation to psychological ill health. >Methods: Longitudinal design with 24 year follow up of employed persons (190 women, 177 men). Interview and questionnaire data on work and leisure conditions were collected in 1969 and 1993. Risk analyses were performed in relation to three outcomes in 1993: depression within the preceding 12 months, impaired psychological wellbeing, and heavy alcohol use. >Results: Thirteen per cent of the women and 11% of the men showed symptoms of depression, 21% and 22% had impaired psychological wellbeing, and 7% and 15% respectively were heavy alcohol users. Dissatisfaction with the quality (women) or quantity (men) of social contacts 24 years earlier was a significant risk factor for depression. Dissatisfaction with the quality of social contacts was also associated with impaired psychological wellbeing (among women), and dissatisfaction with leisure time activities was associated with heavy alcohol use (among men). Frequent overtime work 24 years earlier was associated with heavy alcohol use among women. Cross sectional analyses also showed associations between psychological ill health and some work related factors (mentally demanding work and lack of job pride). >Conclusions: Perceived inadequacies in social contacts, and practical obstacles to social relationships are viewed as risk factors for depression. In this longitudinal study, work related factors, including mental demands and time pressure, do not appear sufficiently associated with psychological ill health.
机译：>背景：精神病流行病学揭示了性别，社会经济地位和精神病之间的多种关联。 >目标：检查工作中和工作中与心理健康状况有关的心理状况。 >方法：纵向设计，对从业人员（190名女性，177名男性）进行了24年的随访。分别于1969年和1993年收集了关于工作和休闲条件的访谈和问卷调查数据。对1993年的三个结果进行了风险分析：前12个月内的抑郁，心理健康受损和大量饮酒。 >结果：有13％的女性和11％的男性表现出抑郁症状，有21％和22％的人的心理健康受损，而分别有7％和15％的人酗酒。 24年前对社会交往的质量（女性）或数量（男性）的不满是抑郁的重要危险因素。对社会交往质量的不满意还与心理健康受损（女性中）有关，对休闲活动的不满意与大量饮酒（男性中）有关。 24年前频繁加班与女性大量饮酒有关。横断面分析还显示了心理疾病与某些工作相关因素（精神上要求工作和缺乏工作自豪感）之间的关联。 >结论：人们认为社会交往中的不足以及对社会关系的实际障碍被视为抑郁症的危险因素。在这项纵向研究中，与工作相关的因素，包括精神需求和时间压力，似乎与心理健康状况没有足够的联系。

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