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Dust concentrations and respiratory risks in coalminers: key risk estimates from the British Pneumoconiosis Field Research

机译:煤矿工人的粉尘浓度和呼吸风险:英国尘肺病研究的关键风险评估

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摘要

To help inform the setting of dust control standards in coalmines, this brief review summarises the most recent and reliable exposure-response relations, for damaging respiratory effects, derived from the Pneumoconiosis Field Research (PFR). Collecting data over 38 years in the British coal industry, this was a programme of prospective research on the respiratory health of coal miners, characterised by regular health surveys and detailed measurements of dust and silica concentrations in the workplace. Exposure-response relations are presented for coal workers' simple pneumoconiosis category II, progressive massive fibrosis, defined deficits of lung function (FEV1), and category II silicosis. This simplified overview provides a guide to the most recent and most reliable estimates from the PFR of dust-related risks of substantial pulmonary disease, and to the magnitude of the effects. Control of dust sufficient to prevent category II simple pneumoconiosis should prevent most cases of progressive massive fibrosis and most dust related large lung function deficits. Where the dust contains high proportions of silica, control to low levels is essential, and even quite brief excursions of silica to high levels must be avoided.
机译:为了帮助确定煤矿中的粉尘控制标准,本简要概述总结了最新的,可靠的暴露-响应关系,该关系是由尘肺病研究(PFR)得出的,用于破坏呼吸作用。该计划收集了英国煤炭行业超过38年的数据,该计划是对煤矿工人呼吸系统健康的前瞻性研究计划,其特征在于定期进行健康调查并详细测量工作场所中的粉尘和二氧化硅浓度。提出了针对煤矿工人的简单II型尘肺病,进行性大规模纤维化,确定的肺功能缺陷(FEV1)和II型硅肺病的暴露-反应关系。此简化的概述为根据粉尘相关的重大肺部疾病风险的PFR提供了最新,最可靠的估计以及影响程度的指南。控制粉尘足以预防II类单纯性尘肺病应可预防大多数进行性大规模纤维化和大多数与粉尘有关的大肺功能缺陷的病例。在粉尘中二氧化硅含量高的地方,必须将其控制在低水平,甚至必须避免将二氧化硅短暂地迁移到高水平。

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