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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy >Anti‐ageing active ingredients from herbs and nutraceuticals used in traditional Chinese medicine: pharmacological mechanisms and implications for drug discovery
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Anti‐ageing active ingredients from herbs and nutraceuticals used in traditional Chinese medicine: pharmacological mechanisms and implications for drug discovery

机译：来自中药的草药和营养保健品的抗衰老活性成分：药理机制及其对药物发现的影响

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摘要

Ageing, an unanswered question in the medical field, is a multifactorial process that results in a progressive functional decline in cells, tissues and organisms. Although it is impossible to prevent ageing, slowing down the rate of ageing is entirely possible to achieve. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by the nourishing of life and its role in anti‐ageing is getting more and more attention. This article summarizes the work done on the natural products from TCM that are reported to have anti‐ageing effects, in the past two decades. The effective anti‐ageing ingredients identified can be generally divided into flavonoids, saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids and others. Astragaloside, Cistanche tubulosa acteoside, icariin, tetrahydrocurcumin, quercetin, butein, berberine, catechin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, gastrodin, 6‐Gingerol, glaucarubinone, ginsenoside Rg1, luteolin, icarisid II, naringenin, resveratrol, theaflavin, carnosic acid, catalpol, chrysophanol, cycloastragenol, emodin, galangin, echinacoside, ferulic acid, huperzine, honokiol, isoliensinine, phycocyanin, proanthocyanidins, rosmarinic acid, oxymatrine, piceid, puerarin and salvianolic acid B are specified in this review. Simultaneously, chemical structures of the monomers with anti‐ageing activities are listed, and their source, model, efficacy and mechanism are also described. The TCMs with anti‐ageing function are classified according to their action pathways, including the telomere and telomerase, the sirtuins, the mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP‐activated kinase and insulin/insulin‐like growth factor‐1 signalling pathway, free radicals scavenging and the resistance to DNA damage. Finally, Chinese compound prescription and extracts related to anti‐ageing are introduced, which provides the basis and the direction for the further development of novel and potential drugs.
机译：衰老是医学领域尚未解决的问题，它是导致细胞，组织和生物体功能逐渐下降的多因素过程。尽管不可能防止老化，但完全有可能减缓老化速度。中医（TCM）的特点是滋养生命，它在抗衰老中的作用越来越受到重视。本文总结了过去二十年来在中草药天然产物中据报道具有抗衰老作用的研究成果。鉴定出的有效抗衰老成分通常可分为类黄酮，皂苷，多糖，生物碱等。黄芪甲，肉苁蓉苷，淫羊藿苷，四氢姜黄素，槲皮素，紫铆花素，小檗碱，儿茶素，姜黄素，没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯，天麻，6-姜酚，glaucarubinone，人参皂甙Rg1，木犀草素，icarisid II，柚皮素，白藜芦醇，茶黄素，鼠尾草酸，梓醇，在这篇综述中指定了石蜡酚，环黄芪醇，大黄素，高良姜精，紫锥菊苷，阿魏酸，石杉碱，厚朴酚，异二十碳四烯酸，藻蓝蛋白，原花青素，迷迭香酸，氧化苦参碱，苦味苷，葛根素和丹酚酸B.同时，列出了具有抗衰老活性的单体的化学结构，并描述了它们的来源，模型，功效和机理。具有抗衰老功能的中药根据其作用途径分类，包括端粒和端粒酶，sirtuins，雷帕霉素的哺乳动物靶标，AMP激活的激酶和胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子-1信号传导途径，自由基清除以及抗DNA损伤的能力。最后，介绍了抗衰老相关的中药复方制剂和提取物，为进一步开发新药和潜在药物提供了基础和方向。

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