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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>British Journal of Preventive Social Medicine >Toward the next generation of research into small area effects on health: a synthesis of multilevel investigations published since July 1998
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Toward the next generation of research into small area effects on health: a synthesis of multilevel investigations published since July 1998

机译：面向下一代对健康的小范围影响的研究：自1998年7月以来发布的多层次研究综述

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To map out area effects on health research, this study had the following aims: (1) to inventory multilevel investigations of area effects on self rated health, cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, and mortality among adults; (2) to describe and critically discuss methodological approaches employed and results observed; and (3) to formulate selected recommendations for advancing the study of area effects on health. Overall, 86 studies were inventoried. Although several innovative methodological approaches and analytical designs were found, small areas are most often operationalised using administrative and statistical spatial units. Most studies used indicators of area socioeconomic status derived from censuses, and few provided information on the validity and reliability of measures of exposures. A consistent finding was that a significant portion of the variation in health is associated with area context independently of individual characteristics. Area effects on health, although significant in most studies, often depend on the health outcome studied, the measure of area exposure used, and the spatial scale at which associations are examined.
机译：为了确定区域对健康研究的影响，本研究的目的是：（1）盘点区域调查对自评健康，心血管疾病和危险因素以及成年人死亡率的影响。 （2）描述和批判性地讨论所采用的方法论方法和观察到的结果； （3）提出一些建议，以促进对健康的区域影响的研究。总体上，盘点了86项研究。尽管发现了几种创新的方法论方法和分析设计，但小区域通常是使用行政和统计空间单位进行操作的。大多数研究使用了从人口普查获得的区域社会经济状况指标，很少提供有关暴露量测度的有效性和可靠性的信息。一个一致的发现是，健康状况变化的很大一部分与区域背景有关，而与个体特征无关。区域对健康的影响，尽管在大多数研究中都很重要，但通常取决于所研究的健康结果，所用区域暴露的度量以及检查关联的空间规模。

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