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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine >Neighborhood Walkability and Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) in New York City
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Neighborhood Walkability and Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) in New York City

机译：纽约市的邻里步行和主动出行（步行和骑自行车）

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Urban planners have suggested that built environment characteristics can support active travel (walking and cycling) and reduce sedentary behavior. This study assessed whether engagement in active travel is associated with neighborhood walkability measured for zip codes in New York City. Data were analyzed on engagement in active travel and the frequency of walking or biking ten blocks or more in the past month, from 8,064 respondents to the New York City 2003 Community Health Survey (CHS). A neighborhood walkability scale that measures: residential, intersection, and subway stop density; land use mix; and the ratio of retail building floor area to retail land area was calculated for each zip code. Data were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression incorporating survey sample weights and adjusting for respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, 44 % of respondents reported no episodes of active travel and among those who reported any episode, the mean number was 43.2 episodes per month. Comparing the 75th to the 25th percentile of zip code walkability, the odds ratio for reporting zero episodes of active travel was 0.71 (95 % CI 0.61, 0.83) and the exponentiated beta coefficient for the count of episodes of active travel was 1.13 (95 % CI 1.06, 1.21). Associations between lower walkability and reporting zero episodes of active travel were significantly stronger for non-Hispanic Whites as compared to non-Hispanic Blacks and to Hispanics and for those living in higher income zip codes. The results suggest that neighborhood walkability is associated with higher engagement in active travel.
机译：城市规划人员建议，建筑环境特征可以支持主动出行（步行和骑自行车）并减少久坐行为。这项研究评估了活跃旅行的参与度是否与纽约市通过邮政编码测量的邻里步行能力有关。过去一个月中，有8,064位受访者参加了2003年纽约市社区健康调查（CHS），分析了有关主动出行的情况以及步行或骑自行车十个街区或更多的频率。邻里步行量度，用于衡量：居民区，十字路口和地铁站的密度；土地用途组合；并针对每个邮政编码计算零售建筑物的建筑面积与零售土地的面积之比。使用零膨胀负二项式回归分析方法，结合调查样本权重并针对受访者的社会人口统计学特征进行了调整。总体而言，有44％的受访者未报告有活跃旅行事件，而报告任何事件的受访者中，平均人数为每月43.2次。比较邮政编码的75％到25％的可步行性，报告零次主动出行的几率为0.71（95％CI 0.61，0.83），主动出行次数的指数贝塔系数为1.13（95％） CI 1.06，1.21）。与非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔美国人以及居住在邮政编码较高的人相比，非西班牙裔白人的步行能力较低与主动出行零次发作之间的关联性明显更强。结果表明，社区的步行能力与主动出行的参与度更高有关。

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