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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine >How Feasible is Multiple Time Point Web-Based Data Collection with Individuals Experiencing Street Homelessness?
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How Feasible is Multiple Time Point Web-Based Data Collection with Individuals Experiencing Street Homelessness?

机译：个人经历街头无家可归的多时间点基于Web的数据收集可行吗？

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Three barriers investigators often encounter when conducting longitudinal work with homeless or other marginalized populations are difficulty tracking participants, high rates of no-shows for follow-up interviews, and high rates of loss to follow-up. Recent research has shown that homeless populations have substantial access to information technologies, including mobile devices and computers. These technologies have the potential both to make longitudinal data collection with homeless populations easier and to minimize some of these methodological challenges. This pilot study’s purpose was to test whether individuals who were homeless and sleeping on the streets—the “street homeless”—would answer questions remotely through a web-based data collection system at regular “follow-up” intervals. We attempted to simulate longitudinal data collection in a condensed time period. Participants (N = 21) completed an in-person baseline interview. Each participant was given a remotely reloadable gift card. Subsequently, weekly for 8 weeks, participants were sent an email with a link to a SurveyMonkey questionnaire. Participants were given 48 h to complete each questionnaire. Data were collected about life on the streets, service use, community inclusion, substance use, and high-risk sexual behaviors. Ten dollars was remotely loaded onto each participant’s gift card when they completed the questionnaire within the completion window. A substantial number of participants (67% of the total sample and 86% of the adjusted sample) completed at least seven out of the eight follow-up questionnaires. Most questionnaires were completed at public libraries, but several were completed at other types of locations (social service agencies, places of employment, relative/friend/acquaintance’s domiciles, or via mobile phone). Although some of the questions were quite sensitive, very few participants skipped any questions. The only variables associated with questionnaire completion were frequency of computer use and education—both positive associations. This pilot study suggests that collecting longitudinal data online may be feasible with a subpopulation of persons experiencing homelessness. We suspect that participant follow-up rates using web-based data collection methods have the potential to exceed follow-up rates using traditional in-person interviews. If this population of persons experiencing street homelessness can be successful with this method of data collection, perhaps other disenfranchised, difficult-to-track, or difficult-to-reach populations could be followed using web-based data collection methods. Local governments are striving to decrease the “digital divide,” providing free or greatly discounted wi-fi connectivity as well as mobile computer lab access to low-income geographic areas. These actions, in combination with increased smart phone ownership, may permit vulnerable populations to connect and communicate with investigators.
机译：在与无家可归者或其他边缘人群进行纵向工作时，调查人员经常遇到三个障碍：追踪参与者的困难，后续访谈的不参加率高以及后续工作的损失率高。最近的研究表明，无家可归的人口可以大量使用信息技术，包括移动设备和计算机。这些技术既有可能使无家可归者的纵向数据收集更加容易，又有可能将这些方法学挑战中的某些问题降至最低。这项初步研究的目的是测试无家可归者和流落街头的人（“街头无家可归者”）是否会通过基于网络的数据收集系统定期“跟进”间隔远程回答问题。我们尝试在压缩的时间段内模拟纵向数据收集。参加者（N = 21）完成了一次面对面的基线访谈。每位参与者都获得了一张可远程加载的礼品卡。随后，每周8周，向参与者发送了一封电子邮件，其中包含SurveyMonkey调查表的链接。参与者被要求在48小时内完成每份问卷。收集了有关街头生活，服务使用，社区融入，毒品使用和高风险性行为的数据。当每个参与者在完成窗口中完成问卷调查时，他们会在他们的礼品卡上远程加载10美元。在八份后续调查问卷中，有相当多的参与者（占总样本的67％和调整后的样本的86％）至少完成了七份。大多数问卷是在公共图书馆完成的，但有一些是在其他类型的地点（社会服务机构，工作地点，亲戚/朋友/熟人的住所或通过手机）完成的。尽管某些问题非常敏感，但很少有参与者跳过任何问题。与问卷完成有关的唯一变量是计算机使用和受教育的频率—都是正向关联。这项初步研究表明，在线收集纵向数据可能对于一群无家可归的人来说是可行的。我们怀疑使用基于Web的数据收集方法的参与者跟进率有可能超过传统的面对面访谈的跟进率。如果使用这种数据收集方法可以成功地使这些经历街头无家可归的人群获得成功，则可以使用基于Web的数据收集方法来追踪其他被剥夺权利，难以追踪或难以到达的人群。地方政府正在努力减少“数字鸿沟”，提供免费或打折的Wi-Fi连接以及移动计算机实验室访问低收入地理区域的机会。这些行动，加上智能手机拥有量的增加，可能使弱势群体能够与调查人员建立联系并进行交流。

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